Availability Heuristic

It’s when individuals estimate the probability of an event based on the ease with which examples come to mind. Consequently, more salient or recent information can disproportionately skew our perception of the actual frequency or importance of those events.

Attention Bias

Attention bias occurs when we focus on the most visually or emotionally prominent features of a decision, rather than the most critical ones. Because our cognitive resources…

Availability Cascades

The more a story is repeated, the more important it appears, in a self-reinforcing process. This can be illustrated as follows:

Hindsight Bias

Hindsight bias is when we believe that we predicted the outcome of an event, after it has occured, even when we didn’t. The reason this happens is that, after an event…